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Crypto Terms
Gate.io Cryptopedia is a quick search tool for the Blockchain related terms and insights, enhancing the knowledge of Blockchain technology among users.
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A
Alliance Chain
It can be regarded as a type of private chain. It is generally operated by multiple organizations and it is partial-decentralized compared to a public chain.
Accidental Fork
It refers to a situation where two or more miners successfully calculate the harsh at the same time, which means finding the block.
API
Within Blockchain industry, it is the abbreviation form of Application Programming Interface.
Address
Comprised of a series of letters and numbers, it is similar to a bank account, which is used to transfer and receive cryptocurrencies.
Asymmetric Cryptographic Algorithm
Known as a cryptographic algorithm, it requires 2 keys, the public key for encryption and the private key for decryption.
Arbitrage
It refers to a type of trading by maximizing profits on price differences between exchanges.
Attack Vector
It is a technique by which unauthorized access can be gained to a device or a network to exploit the sys tem‘s vulnerabilities.
ATOM
Cosmos is a decentralized network of independent parallel blockchains, each powered by BFT consensus algorithms like Tendermint consensus. It officially launched in March 2019.
Anti-Money Laundering
It refers to a series of laws and regulations decreed by authorities in order to prevent criminals from disguising illegal obtained funds as legitimate income.
Algorand（ALGO）
Algorand_s consensus mechanism is permissionless and pure proof-of-stake. It ensures full participation, protection, and speed within a truly decentralized network.
Altcoin
It refers to alternative cryptocurrencies launched after bitcoin.
Anonymity
One of the key features of blockchain. It enables a higher level of privacy of the transaction without revealing information about the trading parties.
Autonomy
It is one of the characteristics of Blockchain technology.
Asset Token
It is a type of cryptocurrency that can be regarded as an asset such as stocks, securities.
AMA
Short for “ask me anything”. It refers to the activities held by exchange representatives or project managers to answer questions from the users.
EdDSA
Edwards-curve Digital Signature Algorithm _EdDSA_ is a cryptographic algorithm used by ADA, Stellar, Lisk, NEM, XMR, Tezos.
AI Security
One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.
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B
Blow Up
It happens when a trader‘s loss exceeds the deposit in his or her account due to the vaｒiation of the market.
Block
Refers to a computer file that records transaction information. A blockchain is created when blocks are connected as a continuous chain.
Blockchain
It is comprised of blocks and become a chain. The block refers to a digital piece of information of a database.
Bitcoin
Created by Satoshi Nakamoto, it is a cryptocurrency integrated with the subjects of Cryptography and Consensus Mechanism.
Byzantine Generals Problem
Proposed by Leslie Lambert in 1982, it is the fault-tolerant problem of peer-to-peer network. Bitcoin solves this problem by Proof of Work Consensus.
Brute Force Attack
It refers to a method in cryptography which obtains information such as passwords by trying all the possible answers.
Bullish
When a trader believes that an asset will rise in value, he or she is “bullish“ on the asset.
Bitcoin Pizza
It is an event that took place on May 22, 2010.
Bull Market
Refers to the positive market trend.
Bull Trap
It refers to the inaccurate signal that indicate market price increases but in fact, the price will continue to decrease.
Bear Market
It refers to a gloomy and negative market condition.
Black Swan Event
Refers to the unpredictable and influential events such as 911 and Brexit.
Bearish
When a traders believe that an asset will drop in value, he or she is “bearish“ on the asset.
Block Reward
Refers to the rewards that miners receive for finding new blocks by using mining devices. Different cryptocurrencies have different rewards based on respective blocks in the blockchain.
Block Height
The number of blocks within the blockchain from its genesis block.
Block Trading
It refers to the large volume trading.
Bounce Back
It is a word which can be used to describe both the stock market and cryptocurrency market when the price of an asset keeps declining, but turns to rise again.
Bitcoin Gold
It is a new token created by a hard fork of the original open-source cryptocurrency which took place on October 24, 2017, with a total issue amount of 21 million.
Bytom Blockchain Protocol
It is an interactive protocol of multiple byte assets.
Big Pie
A Chinese saying of BTC.
Uncertainty principle（Heisenberg uncertainty principle）
The uncertainty principle states that one cannot assign exact simultaneous values to the position and momentum of a particle.
Quoted currency
The quote currency, commonly known as "counter currency," is the second currency in both a direct and indirect currency pair
Standard money
It is a monetary unit which is designated by a government to serve as the basis of its currency _.
Bretton Woods system
The Bretton Woods Agreement and _ created a collective international currency exchange regime
Bit
The bit is a basic unit of information in information theory, computing, including digital communications.
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C
Coin Hoarding
Behavior where an investor starts to purchase and hoard a large sum of some currency.
Copycat Coin
All cryptocurrencies except Bitcoin can be called a copycat coin. However, they are not counterfeit, but rather a new kind of coin developed based on Bitcoin source code.
Cryptocurrency Speculation
It is a type of trading to gain profits by speculating on crypto price.
Cryto-crypto Trading
It refers to the type of trading by purchasing one crypto at the price of another crypto, such as purchasing Bitcoin using USDT（as in BTC/USDT）.
Consensus Mechanism
It is a sys tem to reach agreements about whether a piece of information.
Candy
It could be seen as a token given away to users.
Cut Loss
It refers to the act of reducing the amount of crypto assets in position when the prices are dropping.
Ciphertext
Refers to the encrypted form of the plaintext.
Cold Wallet
It is a wallet that is not connected to the network and therefore it is more secure to store crypto assets.
Computational Power
As the measurement of Bitcoin network processing power, it can measure the speed of the Hash Function output calculated by CPU.
Cryptocurrency
It is a virtual currency developed by using cryptography and encryption techniques.
Chinese Chives
It is a Chinese metaphor in the crypto industry which describes investors who are not familiar with the cryptocurrency market.
Cryptography
Cryptography is a branch of Mathematics and Computer science.
Crocodiles
It refers to individuals or organization that try to make profit from any situation with large amount of capital.
Consensus
A consensus is an agreement reached by different parties.
Consensus Algorithm
It is a process in computer science used to achieve agreement on a single data value among distributed processes or _s.
Contract Trading
It is a type of standardized futures trading.
Confidential Transaction
It is a cryptographic protocol that is able to conceal the crypto assets’ amount value and the address of the recipient.
Cover
It refers to the behavior of buying-in more of the asset that is already in position when the price of that asset drops so that the cost can be diminished.
Crypto-investor
Specifically referring to people accumulating assets through crypto market trading or offering tokens through projects.
Chive Harvesting
t refers to a phenomenon that big dealers purchase a large amount of some crypto asset at its lowest price in order to raise the price.
Coin Shuffling
It is a privacy service.
Compliance
The practice of obeying rules or requests made by an authority.
Contract Layer
It is one of the layers of a blockchain sys tem, consisting of va rious scr ipts, algorithms, and smart contracts.
Core Wallet
It contains the entire blockchain. Users can not only receive, store and send cryptocurrencies with it but also program on it.
Computational infeasibility
It refers to a situation where the computation is computable, but it will take an unrealistic amount of time to process
Confirmation of transaction
It happens when a transaction is recorded and confirmed.
Cold Storage
It means to keep your crypto offline for the sake of security.
Candidate Block
It is a temporary block created by a mining node using transactions selected from the memory pool in order to receive the block rewards.
Operation Code
A series of instruction sequence code specifies the operation to be performed by CPU. An operation code represents an order.
Replay Attack
A replay attack is a form of network attack in which valid data transmission is maliciously or fraudulently repeated
Hyperautomation
One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.
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D
Drop Below Market Debut
It refers to the situation where the price of a coin or token drops below its issuing price.
Delegated Proof of Stake
It requires coin/token holders to vote for representatives who are responsible for validating the transaction and maintaining the network.
Darknet
It refers to the private network connected by non-standard protocol and ports, and credible nodes, which cannot be accessed by regular protocols.
DApp
It is the abbreviation form of Decentralized Application which is run on a P2P network.
Distributed Ledger
It is a shared and synchronized database based on P2P technology for data and asset transaction records. Blockchain is regarded as a type of distributed ledger.
Depth
It is a word used to assess whether an Exchange is capable of remaining stable when there is a lot of large volume trading.
Digital Signature
Similar to a personal signature singed on paper, a digital signature is a string of encrypted numbers developed by the message sender and impossible to forge by others.
Double Spending
It refers to a given amount of coins that are spent twice or more.
Dead Cat Bounce
It refers to the price of some coin that keeps declining and then temporarily bounces. But it keeps dropping afterward.
Deep Web
It is the world wide web whose hidden contents cannot be visited by search engines.
Decentralization
Decentralization is an updated sys tem to access, store, and update data on the internet from not only a few connected portals.
Decentralized Exchange
Short form for Decentralized Exchange, which does not rely on a central authority and allows peer-to-peer trading.
Distributed Denial of Service Attack （DDoS Attack）
It is a cyber-attack in which the perpetrator overwhelms a server with traffic, slowing down and disrupting the normal traffic of the server and making it unavailable for others.
Distributed Cloud Computing
It is the technology to have multiple computers work at the same on a single problem.
Deposit
It is the funds placed in an account as the first installment on a purchase or as a pledge for a contract.
Dust Transaction
Refers to transactions of minuscule amounts of token/coins in which the value of the token/coins is lower than the cost of spending it.
Dogecoin（DOGE）
t is a cryptocurrency featuring a likeness of the Shiba Inu dog with the “Doge“ Internet meme as its logo.
DCA
It is an investment strategy used in a fixed period of time.
Difficulty Bomb
It refers to the increase of difficulty in the Ethereum mining process.
Difficulty Target
The level of difficulty at which a new block is created every 10 minutes.
Dash
Formerly named DarkCoin, is the first privacy-centric cryptographic currency with anonymous block transactions powered by DarkSend.
Derivatives
These are special financial products whose values derives from its underlying financial assets.
Distributed Ledger
One of the key features of blockchains. It enables the transparency and availability of the blockchain ledger to all the nodes in the network.
Secure multi-party computation
Secure multiparty computation _MPC_ is a technology
Multiexperience
One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.
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E
Ethereum
Ethereum is an open-source, decentralized blockchain operating _ that is not controlled by anyone and is currently the most active smart contract network.
Eater Address
Refers to an address that is not recognized by the Blockchain or loses its private key.
Encryption Algorithm
It is a kind of algorithm which encrypts the original information into a series of unreadable cipher-text, while the process is irreversible.
Eclipse Attack
Refers to the malicious act that aims to attack some node in the network. It prevents a certain target from getting an accurate picture of the real network state.
Exchange Trading
The opposite of OTC, meaning that the trading activity occurs on an exchange.
Exchange Dividend
It is the bonus distributed by an exchange that users receive by holding the token issued by that exchange.
ERC-20
It is an official protocol for proposing improvements to the Ethereum （ETH） network.
Exchange Rate
It refers to the value or price of one currency expressed in another currency.
Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends fｏr 2020
Proposed by Gartner in 2019.
ETH 2.0
ETH 2.0 is the last phase of the development of ETH
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F
Fiat Currency
It is the lawful currency issued by the central bank of a country, such as Chinese Yuan, US Dollar, and Japanese Yen.
Fiat Currency Trading
It is the trading within users. For example, after transferring fiat money to a seller, the buyer receives the crypto from the seller.
Fully Invested
Refers to the behaviour of investing all the funds to purchase crypto asset at one time.
Favourable Information
It refers to the news favourable to the rise of currency price.
Intentional Fork
The general term for both a hard fork and a soft fork.
Forked Coin
It is a new cryptocurrency generated from a blockchain_s hard fork. e.g BCH is BTC_s fork coin.
Fiat Collateralized Stable Coin
It refers to a type of stablecoin which is backed by a fiat currency.
Financial service
It refers to economic services involving financial transactions，etc.
Federated Byzantine Agreement
It is a form of Byzantine Fault Tolerance. It requires nodes to be known and verified ahead of time before users request any performance from the FBA.
Combating the financing of terrorism
Combatting the Financing of Terrorism _CFT_ is focused on restricting the movement
Distributed Cloud
One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.
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G
Genesis Block
The 1st block created in the Blockchain.
The Ghost Protocol
It was introduced and implemented by Ethereum.
Observer effect
In physics, the observer effect is the theory that the mere observation of a phenomenon inevitably changes that phenomenon.
Photon
The photon is a type of elementary particle. It is the quantum of the electromagnetic field including electromagnetic radiation such as light and radio waves.
Foreign exchange purchasing
To purchase foreign currency, one needs to exchange the domestic currency in his account. Then, the purchased currency will remain as his bank record.
Grover
A quantum algorithm that can search targeted number in digital field.
Public Cloud
A sharing platform for storing and resource applications
Grid Trading
Grid trading, also known as fishing net trading, is a market investment strategy.
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H
Holdings
The amount of one‘s crypto asset in position.
Hash Algorithm
An encryption function that is able to transform any information into a fixed-length string.
Hard Fork
Refers to a situation where a new kind of Blockchain is diverted from the original.
Hot Wallet
This is a sort of wallet used to store coins online, but it only can be used when there is a network connection, so it is less safe than a cold wallet, which stores coins offline.
Halving
It refers to the mechanism that the bitcoin block reward will be reduced by half every 210,000 blocks, so as to the control the supply and maintain the value of the currency.
Hedging
It is a risk management strategy used to offset potential losses on investment by investing in another venture which is expected to perform the opposite way.
Hyperledger
It is an open-source project which aims to advance cross-industry blockchain technologies.
HODL
A typo of “Hold.“ It refers to the strategies of holding crypto assets and not selling them.
Hashed Timelock Contract
It is a technology that enables transactions and transfer of tokens issued on different blockchains.
Hacker
It generally refers to experts who have an advanced understanding of computer _s and networks such as programmers.
Honeypot technique
It is a deception technique used to upgrade _ defense ability.
Hybrid Consensus
It is a sys tem designed to enhance the efficiency of a single consensus mechanism, usually integrated with more than 2 consensus protocols.
Blackbody radiation
A blackbody is an idealized physical body that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation.
Currency Crisis
Currency crisis includes a broad currency crisis and a narrow currency crisis.
How to Buy Dogecoin （DOGE）
Dogecoin is a peer-to-peer and open-source digital currency that’s similar to Bitcoin _BTC_ and Litecoin _LTC_.
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I
Iceberg oｒder
A large order which is presented as a smaller limit order to hide the actual order quantity.
IEO
Similar to an Initial Coin Offering （IC0）, Initial Exchange Offering is a fundraising method for cryptocurrency projects when first listed on an exchange.
IC0
It is a kind of fundraising method for cryptocurrency projects when they are about to issue their token or coins.
Incentive Layer
One of the layers in blockchain, which is mainly about a reward distribution mechanism.
Interest
The amount of extra money paid at a certain rate to the lender by borrowers over a certain period of time.
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J
Regtech
Regtech is the management of regulatory processes
Node
Nodes are devices or data points on a larger network, such as network node and GGSN.
Classical mechanics
Classical mechanics describes the motion of macroscopic objects at low speed.
Base currency
The base currency is the currency against which exchange rates are generally quoted in a given country. Examples: USD/RMB, the US Dollar is the base currency.
Exchange settlement
Foreign-exchange transactions are settled via correspondent banks.
Gold standard
The gold standard is a monetary _
Gold parity
It is the ratio of two monetary units calculated on the basis of their legally fixed gold content.
Classical algorithm
A classical _or non-quantum_ algorithm is a finite sequence of instructions
Extremal optimization （EO）
A heuristic initially proposed by Boettcher at the World Summit on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation.
Democratization
One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.
Financial Openness
A situation where a country or region open the financial market to the world, or a situation where the financial market of a country or region turns into openness from blockage.
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K
Know Your Customer
A standard procedure to verify a customer’s identity in order to deter illegal behaviors such as money laundering.
Cross-Chain Interaction
A mutual communication of information on different blockchains that allows asset exchange, e.g. transferring ETH with BTC.
Reversible computing
Reversible computing is a model of computing where the computational process to some extent is time-reversible.
Open Source
Open source, unveiling the source program, allows people to visit, share and modify the program.
Empty Block
A limited-capacity block that only contains one piece of information but also has the ability to transfer tiny data, which can only help the block discovered.
Financial technology （fintech）
The combination of technology and innovation encouraged and supported by the government,
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L
Liquidation
An act of closing futures trading.
Large Position
It refers to the situation where an investor buys a lot of crypto with funds and holds a lesser amount of cash.
Lock-up Position
It refers to the situation where tokens or coins are not allowed to be traded in a certain time period.
Long Selling
Investors start to buy some currency with the expectation of a price rise in the future. Once its price rises, they sell it at a high price to be able to take profits.
Lighting Network
This term was first proposed in 2015 with the purpose of improving the scalability of Bitcoin transactions.
Long Range Attack
It is an attack where an adversary creates the other branch on the blockchain, starting from the Genesis block and replaces the legal mainchain.
Long Wick Candle
It appears when the price of a stock or token decreases or increases dramatically within a short period of time, indicating that the price might see a reverse trend.
Large Investors
Refers to those investors who have access to massive capital and conduct a large amount of trading - in frequency and in quantity.
Chain Circle
It is a circle consisting of experts and professions concentrating on blockchain technology
Layer 2
In a broader sense, layer 2 protocols create a secondary framework
Quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that describes nature at the smallest-including atomic and subatomic-scales.
Quantum key distribution
Quantum key distribution _QKD_ is a secure communication method
Quantum state
In quantum physics, a quantum state is the state of an isolated quantum _.
Quantum computer
Universal quantum computers leverage the quantum mechanical phenomena of superposition and entanglement to manipulate information.
Quantum algorithm
Based on classical algorithms, quantum algorithms use some essential features of quantum computation
Quantum logic gate
A quantum logic gate _or simply quantum gate_ is a basic quantum circuit operating on a small number of qubits.
Quantum entanglement
Quantum entanglement occurs when two particles become inextricably linked,
Qubit
In quantum computing, a qubit is the basic unit of quantum information.
Quantum Prime Factor
In the quantum algorithm, the figure that can decompose prime numbers is called a prime factor, e,g, in the equation 50=2*5*5, 50 is a prime factor, and 2,5,5 are prime numbers.
Libra
An unissued cryptocurrency proposed by Facebook on 2019 June and planned to be launched in 2020.
Chainplus
Known as ‘blockchain revolution,’
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M
Miner
It refers to an individual who wants to get the block reward by using computers to calculate the encryption functions.
Mining
It is a process using high-performance computing devices to tackle complicated computational math problems, and as a result, tokens are rewarded to the miner completed the block.
Mining Rig
It is used to calculate encryption functions, usually performing a single calculation program and being equipped with a mining chip.
Mining Pool
Miners combine their computational power over a network and become a joint mining group. The mining pool assigns calculation tasks to each miner （mining rig） connected to the pool.
Mining Farm
A place which has a large number of mining rigs to mine cryptocurrencies.
Malicious Node
The nodes created to attack other networks.
Merkle Tree
Also known as Hash Tree, a Merkel Tree is a tree-like data structure.
Mainstream Token
Refers to cryptos whose market values rank the top. Common mainstream currencies are BTC, LTC and ETH etc.,
Mainnet
Mainnet is a reliable network protocol of blockchain where transaction information can be verified and recorded.
Market Stabilization
It is a behavior to stabilize the price of a cryptocurrency by purchasing a large number of it to prevent its price from plunging.
Multi-signature Wallet
It is a type of wallet that requires at least two private keys to authorize a transaction.
Multichain Wallet
It is a type of wallet that enables transactions of crypto assets on different mainnets. It can store more than one type of crypto asset.
Merkle Root
It is the final hash left after multiple calculations.
Mining Difficulty
It refers to the amount of time used in mining.
Margin Trading
It refers to the trading activity which allows traders to trade with borrowed funds to increase their sums of capital.
Money Supply
It refers to the entire stock of a country‘s fiat currency. It consists of the cash in circulation and the deposits.
Multi-signature
It is a mechanism requiring multiple keys to authorize a transaction.
Cypherpunk
Cypherpunks are activists who advocate the use of cryptography and privacy-enhancing technologies as a way to social change.
Full Block
A limited-capacity block that is filled with information.
Maker and Taker
Maker & Taker
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N
Nounce
This is a string of automatically generated numbers during the process of mining. Using this string of numbers, miners are likely to figure out Hash Function to get the block reward.
Node
It refers to a connecting point in a decentralized network. A node can be a mobile phone, a computer or a mining rig. The more nodes a network has, the more secure it will be.
Non-Fungible Token
Built on the ERC-721 standard, it is a particular type of cryptographic token representing something unique that cannot be interchanged for another.
Non-Transferable Token
They are the tokens that are nontransferable nor interchangeable.
Neutrality of Money
It is an economic theory that the changes in the supply of money have no impact on the overall economy.
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O
Orphan Block
They are the blocks that are not recogized by the Blockchain.
Over-the-counter
In the cryptocurrency field, any transactions completed outside the Exchange can be seen as OTC.
Offline wallet
It means cold wallet.
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P
Position Opening
Investors create positions by buying or selling a certain amount of future contracts.
Public Blockchain
It is a type of blockchain that allow anyone to check, exchange transaction data, and participate in the process of consensus.
Proof of Work
Proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto, it is designed to solve the Byzantine Generals Problems.
Proof of Stake
It is a mechanism designed to distribute interest according to the number of tokens that users are staking.
Ponzi Scheme
It is a form of fraud created by Chales Ponzi.
P2P Storage
It is a decentralized storage sys tem which leverages the storage capacity of each node of a network and therefore enhancing the network efficiency.
Private Key
Public and private key pair is a pair of closely related cryptographic keys. Associated with the address of a crypto, the private key is non-public.
Public Key
The public key and private key are a pair of keys generated from encryption algorithm.
Plaintext
It refers to the readable information transmitted from a sender to a receiver.
Potential Blockchain Project
It means a crypt token that is considered worth investing in.
Pyramid Scheme
It is a scheme that uses funds of multiple users to pay back other users.
Periodic Investment Plan
It is a common investment strategy that allows an investor to invest their funds by making small periodic payments.
Peak Sale
Refer to the act of selling an asset in a period of time at a relatively higher price compared to the stocking price.
Position Proportion
It is the proportion between the total funds and buying funds.
Programmability
One of the key features of blockchain.
Payment Token
It is a type of cryptocurrency that is considered as a medium of payment, such as BTC and LTC.
Planck constant
Planck constant is a physical constant that is the quantum of electromagnetic action, which relates the energy carried by a photon to its frequency.
Peer-to-peer networking
Peer-to-peer _P2P_ network is a decentralized communications model
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Q
Foreign remittance
Foreign remittance is a transfer of money from a foreign worker to their family or other individuals in their home countries.
Signature algorithm
A signature algorithm is a cryptographic algorithm that protects the security of blockchain.
Simplified Payment Verification
A wallet, providing good users experience, that can only save self-related blocks data with small occupied memory.
Layer 0
Layer 0 is the lowest layer. The first component of Layer 0 provides the necessary networking capabilities necessary for building peer-to-peer networks.
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R
Rollback
It is an operation of restoring a program or data to its previous status due to data process errors.
Risk Management
It is the process of identifying, analyzing, and mitigating the risks in investments.
Ransomware:
It is a type of pr_ent malicious software.
Reverse
It is a situation that occurs when the price drops to the bottom line but later keeps rising, showing a “V” shape on the chart.
Ring Signature
In cryptography, a ring signature refers to a kind of digital signature that is created by any member of a group of users, which each have their own keys.
Road map
It refers to the project schedule of a blockchain project
Raiden Network
It is an off-chain scaling solution that enables instant and low-fee payments.
Human Augmentation
One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.
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S
Small Position
It refers to the situation where an investor holds more cash and a small amount of crypto in his account.
Soft Fork
Refers to the procedure of a temporary program upgrade.
Swing Trading
It is a style of trading that attempts to gain profits by going long or short in multiple trading sessions in a shorter period （several times at a day or in a week）.
Sybil Attack
It refers to an individual who manages to create multiple accounts for the purpose of controlling the whole network by getting enough nodes.
Stable Coin
A coin whose price can remain stable without significant fluctuation.
Atomic Swap
This is a smart contract technology that enables the transaction of one cryptocurrency for another without intermediaries.
Satoshi Nakamoto
The creator of Bitcoin, but his real identity remains unknown.
Smart Contract
First proposed by Nick Szabo in the 1990s, it is a kind of computer protocol aiming at disseminating and verifying contracts.
Short Selling
Investors sell the currency at the current price with the expectation of price decline in the future.
Sideways Trend
Refers to the stable average price during a period of time that no obvious fluctuations was observed.
Shitcoin
it refers to an altcoin that has no intrinsic value since it does not have any use cases or a proper project behind it.
Sharding
It is a method used to divide an extensive database into smaller parts in order to make it faster and easier to process.
Sidechain
A sidechain is a separate blockchain attached to its mainchain.
Single-signature Wallet
It is a type of wallet that requires only one private key to authorize a transaction.
Super-sovereign Reserve Currency
A super currency is a hypothetical global currency.
Strategy Analysis
In accounting and finance industries, it is an analysis of a business_s financial state - including health, competitors, and markets.
Satoshi
It is the minimum unit of a Bitcoin nominated by Satoshi Nakamoto, the creator of Bitcoin.
Secondary Market
It is a market where investors buy and sell assets they already own. _ious exchanges can be regarded as the biggest secondary market so far.
Settlement
It refers to the exchange of money or security between trading parties on the settlement date as agreed.
Seed round
It refers to the first round of investment funding raised for a blockchain project.
SPV
It is a software which enables you to confirm the transaction without downloading the entire blockchain.
Regulatory sandbox
A regulatory sandbox is a framework set up by a regulator.
Shor＇s Algorithm
A quantum algorithm that can both operate large integer factorization and discompose discrete logarithm.
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T
Token
Tokens refer to the Blockchain circulating units such as BTC, ETH, etc.
Timestamp
It refers to the sign that is set to mark events, and it can record what has happened at a certain time. Each transaction is arranged in order by the marked time.
Testnet
A public blockchain consists of its mainnet and testnet.
To the moon
It means the surge of a token‘s price. Some joke about linking this phenomenon with the possibility of buying a Lamborghini, saying “When moon, When Lambo“.
The Intranet
It is a network connected to, interacting with and recognized by general （household）objects.
Taker
It refers to a trader who place an order that trades immediately by filling an existing order on the order book.
TRON
TRON is committed to promoting the decentralization of the Internet and is committed to building infrastructure for the decentralized Internet.
Turnover Rate
Indicates the frequency of the exchange of cryptocurrency being traded during a certain period as a reflection of liquidity.
The medium of exchange
In modern transactions, the common medium of exchange is currency.
Transaction broadcast
It refers to a situation where transaction information will be relayed in the network, and the nodes will confirm the process.
Traceability
One of the key features of blockchain.
The annualized rate of return
It is a profit on an investment over a period of time, which is typically a year.
Homomorphic encryption
Homomorphic encryption is a form of encryption
Elliptic Curve Cryptography
Elliptic curve cryptography _ECC_ is a public key encryption technique
ECDSA
Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm _ECDSA_ is a cryptographic algorithm used by Bitcoin,
Cross-Chain Interaction of Isomorphic Chains
One of the cross-chain interactive technology, which is easy to achieve interaction between the chains.
Transparency and Traceability
One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner to reduce the risk of privacy leak and guarantee data security under the crisis of confidence.
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U
Unfavourable Information
It refers to the news that leads to the decline of currency price.
Utility Token
It is a type of cryptocurrency that is issued in order to fund the development of the cryptocurrency which later can be later used to purchase a good or service offered by the issuer.
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W
Wallet
Designed to keep cryptos, a wallet consists of an address which is connected to the respective blockchain.
White Paper
It is an introduction to a Blockchain project, including its mission and purpose, technical background, team, token allocation, etc.
Whitelist
It is a collection of trusted individuals, computer programs or cryptocurrency addresses.
Whale
It is often used to describe an individual or an organization that holds a large sum of crypto assets and can impact the markets.
“Two clouds” in physics
The British physicist Lord Kelvin gave a speech entitled “Nineteenth-Century Clouds over the Dynamical Theory of Heat and Light”.
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X
Virtual address
Physical addresses refer to hardware addresses of physical memory.
Erwin Schrödinger＇s Cat
Schrödinger_s cat is a thought experiment, sometimes described as a paradox, devised by Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger in 1935, though the idea originated from Albert Einstein.
The Inter Planetary File System （IPFS）
A protocol and peer-to-peer network that can achieve decentralization.
Formal Verification
Also known as modeling, a method to verify the problems of a program or _ with mathematical modeling, mostly applied to the hardware and gradually used in the software.
Crisis of Confidence
A situation where the leak of data and other information insecurity problems arose distrust
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Y
Cloud mining
It is a kind of service provided to those who want to conduct mining but do not want to buy mining devices.
Oracle machine
An oracle machine is an abstract machine used to study decision problems.
Aether
According to the concept proposed by Aristotle, Aether is the material that fills the region of the universe above the terrestrial sphere.
Jamaica Accords
In 1950, the U.S. balance of payments swung negative,
Cross-Chain Interaction of Heterogeneous Chains
One of the cross-chain interactive technology,
Hard Link
A directory entry that associates a name with a file on a file _.
The Onion Routers （ TOR）
A free open source that can provide triple encryption for users when they visit the website. It is also the most popular method to visit the dark web anonymously.
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Z
zk-SNARK
It refers to a method of proofing
Zcash
It is a decentralized and open-source privacy-focused cryptocurrency that first applied zero-knowledge proofs.
Zero-confirmation transaction
It refers to a transaction confirmed by the seller without being recorded and verified on the blockchain.
Self-regulatory ｏrganization
A self-regulatory organization _SRO_ is a non-governmental organization
Longest Chain Rule
A principle based on which only the longest PoW chain is valid
Common Block
A limited-capacity block whose capacity is larger than the blank block’s but smaller than the full block’s.
State Channels
A mutually virtual channel that provides state services for users,
Relay
A data transmission channel found between two users or services, e.g. repeater, relay circuit.
Autonomous Things
One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.
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Blockchain Comics
Blockchain learning is boring and formidable? Blockchain Comics here is to present you the magic of Blockchain world in an interesting and lively way with comics. Learning has never been easier!
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第十四集 钱包：放比特币的软件？
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第十三集 什么是稳定币
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第十二集 比特币之外的数字货币
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第十一集 除了工作量证明还有哪些？
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第十集 比特币有什么缺点
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第九集 比特币是庞氏骗局吗
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Education Video
Everything in blockchain is new and exciting. Education Video convey you the interesting part of blockchain with voice and image. Let’s step into the wonderful blockchain world in a few minutes.
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第一期：是时候该明白什么是比特币了
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Crypto Events
Historic events that shapes blockchain world
Explore the Blockchain Industry with Gate.io
Click Calendar to select query time
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2021 Year
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03-13
比特币突破6万美元 Read all
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02-25
Coinkbase上市申请通过 Read all
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02-08
特斯拉对比特比进行15亿美元投资 Read all
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02-04
马斯克喊单狗狗币 Read all
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01-29
马斯克Twitter改签名比特币价格爆拉 Read all
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01-26
吴忌寒宣布辞去比特大陆职务 Read all
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01-02
比特币突破3万美元 Read all
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2020 Year
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12-29
灰度资产管理总规模升至190亿美元 Read all
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12-22
SEC起诉瑞波币 Read all
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12-16
比特币突破2万美元 Read all
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12-08
AE遭51%攻击 Read all
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12-03
Visa新增USDC支付 Read all
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12-01
日以太坊创世区块启动 Read all
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12-01
Compounder.finance跑路 Read all
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11-29
以太经典Thanos硬分叉 Read all
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11-22
Telegram向SEC支付罚金并终止其区块链项目 Read all
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10-21
PayPal支持加密货币支付 Read all
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10-16
OKEx突然暂停提币 Read all
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10-10
支付公司Square表示购买了4708枚比特币 Read all
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10-08
中国数字货币深圳落地试点 Read all
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08-30
Uniswap日成交量超Coinbase Read all
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07-29
比特币钻石第三次减半 Read all
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07-17
Libra 2.0白皮书发布 Read all
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07-15
名人Twitter账号被黑推广比特币 Read all
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06-15
Compound推出其治理代币COMP的流动性挖矿 Read all
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05-12
比特币第三次减半 Read all
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04-20
“区块链”正式被纳入中国新型基础设施建设 Read all
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04-09
BSV第三次减半 Read all
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04-08
比特现金首次减半 Read all
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03-17
以太经典减产 Read all
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03-12
比特币暴跌超50% Read all
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02-18
美国法警署拍卖比特币 Read all
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02-17
Fcoin＂跑路＂ Read all
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01-28
新加坡金融局开放加密交易所拍照申请 Read all
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01-13
美国芝商所推出比特币期权合约 Read all
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01-12
以太经典Agharta硬分叉 Read all
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01-02
以太坊“缪尔冰川”硬分叉： Read all
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2019 Year
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11-21
嘉楠科技纳斯达克上市 Read all
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10-29
中国央行数字货币概念的提出 Read all
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10-24
中共中央政治局集体学习区块链技术 Read all
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10-10
支付宝发表声明平台禁止虚拟货币交易 Read all
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09-06
美国放行Bakkt Read all
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06-27
PlusToken携20亿美元跑路 Read all
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06-18
Facebook虚拟货币Libra Read all
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05-31
TokenStore被爆跑路 Read all
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04-25
Tether被起诉 Read all
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01-14
Cryptopia 遭黑客攻击后破产 Read all
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01-05
ETC遭受51%攻击 Read all
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2018 Year
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12-13
委内瑞拉强制将居民养老金支付方式转换为加密货币 Read all
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12-12
日本检方要求判处门头沟交易所CEO10年刑期 Read all
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11-16
BCH硬分叉大战 Read all
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10-15
稳定币USDT暴跌 Read all
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08-21
区块链自媒体大号大规模封号 Read all
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08-10
国内首张区块链电子发票 Read all
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05-28
360团队发现EOS重大漏洞 Read all
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02-25
使用比特币购买披萨的程序员再次购买两个披萨 Read all
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01-30
Facebook、谷歌表示禁止所有数字货币相关广告 Read all
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2017 Year
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12-20
莱特币创始人李启威清空持有的莱特币 Read all
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11-19
Tether被盗3千万USDT Read all
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09-04
区块链94事件 Read all
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06-01
俄罗斯总统普京会见V神 Read all
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2016 Year
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07-10
比特币第二次减半 Read all
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06-17
以太坊The DAO分叉 Read all
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05-25
日本将比特币归类为一种资产或财产 Read all
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2015 Year
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10-31
区块链登上经济学人杂志 Read all
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01-27
美国首家正规比特币交易所 Read all
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2014 Year
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06-13
GHash.io矿池算力达51% Read all
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06-13
GHash.io矿池算力达51% Read all
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03-21
区块链321事件 Read all
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02-28
第一台比特币实体ATM机 Read all
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2013 Year
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12-05
央行五部委称比特币不是货币 Read all
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08-19
德国成为首个认可比特币合法地位的国家 Read all
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2012 Year
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11-28
比特币首次减半 Read all
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2011 Year
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06-19
门头沟（Mt.Gox）事件 Read all
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06-15
维基解密宣布接受比特币捐赠 Read all
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06-09
中国首家比特币交易平台成立 Read all
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04-23
中本聪表示自己开始做其他事情 Read all
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04-07
“币圈延安”开业 Read all
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2010 Year
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12-12
中本聪在比特币论坛中发表了最后一篇文章便不再露面，电⼦邮件通讯也逐渐终止。 Read all
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12-05
发生维基解密泄露美国外交电报事件，维基解密遭到美国经济封锁。⽐特币社区呼吁维基解密接受⽐特币捐款以打破⾦金融封锁。 Read all
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08-06
协议漏洞产生1840枚比特币 Read all
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05-22
比特币披萨日 Read all
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2009 Year
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01-03
比特币正式诞生！中本聪开发出⾸个实现比特币算法的程序，同时进行⾸次挖矿，获得了⾸批50个⽐特币 Read all
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2008 Year
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11-01
中本聪在“metzdowd.com”⽹站的密码学邮件列表中发表了一篇名为《比特币:一种点对点式的电子现⾦系统》的论⽂ Read all
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11-01
比特币白皮书首次面世 Read all
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